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Reload this page UNIX Linux BSD

Here are my notes on performance tuning of Linux operating systemsanother page on this site

 

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on this page Distributions
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Set this at top of window. Summary

    Linux began as a port of uNIX to Intel computers by a band of "hackers" led by Linus Torvalds in Finland. Linux was first released in 1991 under the GNU project General Public License (GPL).

    The graphical desktop is provided by an X client known as a window manager, or a desktop environment such as GNOME or KDE.

    GRUB (Grand Unified Boot) loads initial logic to bring up a machine.

    YUM (Yellowdog Update Modifier) manages software libraries.

    The Linux foundation has a FREE intro class: https://courses.edx.org/course_modes/choose/course-v1:LinuxFoundationX+LFS101x.2+1T2015/#

    Linux is the core. A Linux distribution is what people install.

 


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Set this at top of window. Distributions

    These complete operating systems (among many distributions) are based on the Linux kernel

    Assn. Company Product - Annual Cost Notes
    Red Hat Linux
    Fedora for Free
    Enterprise Desktop: $179, Intel x86 Servers: $349, $1499 HCL
    United Linux
    (v1.0 in November 2002)
    SCO Caldera eDesktop OpenLinux 3.1 Sueing for UNIX they bought from Novell who bought from AT&T
    S.u.S.E. Linux 3.0 Enterprise $749 Est. 1992 Certified for Oracle & SAP
    Turbo Linux - the leader in Asia Pacific
    Conectiva - -
    Mandrake 8.2 Considered the most newbie-friendly. Includes Star Office
    Corel - -
    Linux 8.1 for UNIX veterans. Uses pkgtool.
    Austrumi A "business card size (50MB)" bootable Live CD dist.
    GNU/Linux 3.0 Kernel independent
    WinLinux - Installs directly on (and shares diskspace with) Windows PCs for no HD repartitioning
    Gentoo - "Portage" metadistribution to "emerge" optimized builds. using BSD style ports.

 

download Download free from:

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The Linux Kernel by David A Rusling

which


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Set this at top of window. Features

   

A website external to this site Linux Documentation Project aims to create the canonical set of free Linux documentation. offers multi-lingual how-tos, topical FAQ, longer Guides

Linux Reference Guide by InformIT Host Bill Ball, co-author with Hoyt Duff of
$35 Red Hat Linux 9 Unleashed (SAMS: May 8, 2003)

Linux User's Guide by Larry Greenfield

System Administrators' Guide by Lars Wirzenius, Joanna Oja, Stephen Stafford, and Alex Weeks

Network Administrators' Guide by Olaf Kirch

download Linux ISO.org

 
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Set this at top of window. Installation

    For machines without a bootable CDROM, RedHat provides diskettes containing the RAWRITE.exe DOS program in the dosutils directory.

    To create an installation diskette from /images/boot.img instead of using a bootable CDROM:

      dd

    To prepare partitions, use fdisk.exe or the Disk Druid GUI.

    Red Hat provides the Linux Loader (LILO) boot manager.

    A mount points refer to the location from which a given partition is accessible.

   

Redhat8 install CDROM

How to by Eric S. Raymond

Introduction to Linux - A Hands on Guide by Machtelt Garrels

Getting Started Guide

Linux Tips by Kevin Cole

$35 Complet Linux 6.0 (MacMillan: May, 2003) comes with BootMagic utility to dual boot Windows.

 
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Set this at top of window. Configuration

    Red Hat Enterprise Linux has the directory tree (from root):
      bin dev home lib misc opt root tmp var boot etc initrd lost+found mnt proc sbin usr

    To avoid "OutOfMemory", "TooManyOpenFiles" errors, and "Unexpected Signal 11" JVM errors, permanently change in opennms.sh file:

      ulimit -s 8192
      ulimit -n 10240

    This uses the ulimit BASH built-in command controlling the resources available to a process started by the shell, on systems that allow such control. To display the current settings:

    ulimit -a

      core file size        (blocks, -c) 0
      data seg size         (kbytes, -d) unlimited
      file size             (blocks, -f) unlimited
      max locked memory     (kbytes, -l) 4
      max memory size       (kbytes, -m) unlimited
      open files                    (-n) 1024
      pipe size          (512 bytes, -p) 8
      stack size            (kbytes, -s) 10240
      cpu time             (seconds, -t) unlimited
      max user processes            (-u) 7168
      virtual memory        (kbytes, -v) unlimited
      
    Note that values are in 1024-byte increments, except for `-t', which is in seconds, `-p', which is in units of 512-byte blocks, and `-n' and `-u', which are unscaled values.

    If neither `-H' nor `-S' is supplied with a change, both the hard and soft limits are set.

    Expect a zero return status from the command unless an invalid option is supplied, a non-numeric argument other than unlimited is supplied as a limit, or an error occurs while setting a new limit.

   

A website external to this site LinuxToday

A website external to this site Slashdot.org - for Nerds

Red Hat Linux Administration : A Beginner's Guide - Essential Skills Made Easy by Turner, Michael.; Shah, Steve. (London McGraw-Hill Professional, 2003)

$60 The Linux Process Manager: The Internals of Scheduling, Interrupts and Signals by John O'Gorman (Hoboken, NJ John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (UK), 2003) is a line-by-line explanation of the Linux source code kernel.

 
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Linux Programming Resources at Linoleum by Paul Dwerryhouse

Guide to Linux File Command Mastery: A crash course in Linux file commands for the newly initiated by Sheryl Calish

 
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Set this at top of window. Certifications:

   

$35 Red Hat Linux 9 Bible (Wiley: May, 2003) and previous versions by Christopher Negus is a massive 1104 pages

 
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Configuration

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